Genetic and Molecular Drivers of PD-1 Resistance
Genetic alterations within tumor cells significantly influence how they respond to immunotherapy. In head and neck cancer, mutations affecting immune signaling pathways can lead to PD-1 resistance.
Some tumors develop changes that reduce immune visibility, while others activate alternative survival pathways that bypass immune attack. These molecular adaptations allow cancer cells to thrive even in the presence of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Advances in genomic profiling have improved understanding of resistance-related mutations. Identifying these molecular patterns helps guide personalized treatment approaches and combination strategies.
Targeting genetic drivers alongside immunotherapy represents a promising direction. Rather than replacing PD-1 inhibitors, these approaches enhance their effectiveness by addressing resistance at its source.